There are a few guidelines in form of principles which can be a help to the manager to process of delegation. The principles of delegation are as follows: -
- Principle of result excepted- suggests that every
manager before delegating the powers to the subordinate should be able
to clearly define the goals as well as results expected from them. The
goals and targets should be completely and clearly defined and the
standards of performance should also be notified clearly. For example, a
marketing manager explains the salesmen regarding the units of sale to
take place in a particular day, say ten units a day have to be the
target sales. While a marketing manger provides these guidelines of
sales, mentioning the target sales is very important so that the
salesman can perform his duty efficiently with a clear set of mind.
- Principle of Parity of Authority and Responsibility-
According to this principle, the manager should keep a balance between
authority and responsibility. Both of them should go hand in hand.
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According to this principle, if a subordinate is given a
responsibility to perform a task, then at the same time he should be
given enough independence and power to carry out that task effectively.
This principle also does not provide excessive authority to the
subordinate which at times can be misused by him. The authority should
be given in such a way which matches the task given to him. Therefore,
there should be no degree of disparity between the two.
- Principle of absolute responsibility- This says that
the authority can be delegated but responsibility cannot be delegated by
managers to his subordinates which means responsibility is fixed. The
manager at every level, no matter what is his authority, is always
responsible to his superior for carrying out his task by delegating the
powers. It does not means that he can escape from his responsibility. He
will always remain responsible till the completion of task. Every
superior is responsible for the acts of their subordinates and are
accountable to their superior therefore the superiors cannot pass the
blame to the subordinates even if he has delegated certain powers to
subordinates example if the production manager has been given a work and
the machine breaks down. If repairmen is not able to get repair work
done, production manager will be responsible to CEO if their production
is not completed.
- Principle of Authority level- This principle
suggests that a manager should exercise his authority within the
jurisdiction / framework given. The manager should be forced to consult
their superiors with those matters of which the authority is not given
that means before a manager takes any important decision, he should make
sure that he has the authority to do that on the other hand,
subordinate should also not frequently go with regards to their
complaints as well as suggestions to their superior if they are not
asked to do. This principle emphasizes on the degree of authority and
the level upto which it has to be maintained.
